康海《王兰卿》杂剧的创作时间与缘起考

Exploitation of Date and Causes of Kang Hai's Opera Wang-Lanqing

《王兰卿》是明中期著名曲家康海创作的一部杂剧。一直以来,研究者对此剧的关注不多,且多以节义剧视之。《王兰卿》杂剧是根据明中期陕西盩厔王兰卿的真实事迹创作而成,其创作时间当在嘉靖元年至嘉靖八年五月间。康海一生志节凛然,去官后以史官自命、淑世之志不减。杂剧《王兰卿》的创作缘起当是康海为王兰卿的事迹所激,并因王氏得不到官府的"旌表"而不平,故而作剧演之,助其不朽。

Wang-Lanqing is a Zaju of Kang Hai who is a famous opera writer in the middle of Ming Dynasty.The opera has been unfairly criticized only as an Ethical play for a long time. In fact, Wang-Lanqing is a real person of Zhouzhi County in Shanxi province, and the opera was created according to the lady＇s life. The writing time of Wang-Lanqing should be sometime between the first year and the May of eighth year of the Jiajing period. As a man with high moral principles, Kang was moved by Wang＇s deeds and was indignant for the lady who had not been commended by the local authority because she was a female performer before marriage. Hence, Kang Hai wrote the drama to chant the praises of Wang-Lanqing.