模仿与超越——庞德对叶芝象征主义风格的习得性研究

On the Influences of W. B. Keats' s Symbolism upon Ezra Pound's Poetic Writing

本文借助比较文学的相关理论对叶芝的象征主义风格与庞德创作之间的关系进行理论探讨,旨在说明:在庞德一生的创作当中,叶芝的象征主义风格对他的影响是全面而深刻的;庞德对叶芝象征主义风格不只是形式方面的模仿,还有理论和实践方面的超越。该研究的意义在于,它揭示了:(1)庞德早期的诗歌创作,如《归来》、《树》、《白色牡鹿》等明显具有象征主义特色;(2)庞德"意象派"及"漩涡派"诗歌理论的创建,与叶芝《诗歌的象征主义》一文中的诗学思想有互文性的内容;(3)庞德的代表作《诗章》,不仅有叶芝式的象征主义的诗歌语言,而且频繁出现有关叶芝的各种"故事"情节,暗示叶芝的象征主义风格对他的潜在作用一直在继续。

With the help of the comparative literature theories, this article has analyzed the relationship between W. B. Yeats＇ s symbolism and Ezra Pound＇s poetic writing. On the one hand, the study aims to prove that in the whole career of Ezra Pound＇s writing, Yeats＇ s symbolism has exerted profound influence upon him; on the other hand, it argues that Pound＇s acquisition of Keats＇ s symbolic style concerns not only the imitation of the poetic forms but also the transcending of the poetic theories and practice. Besides, the study points out that firstly, Pound＇s early poetic writing, like ＂The Return＂, ＂The Tree＂, ＂The White Stag ＂, etc., reveals the obvious symbolic features; secondly, the establishment of Pound＇s theories about Imagism and Vorticism is intertextually related to the poetic thoughts reflected in Yeats＇ s ＂Symbolism of Poetry＂;and thirdly, Pound＇s masterpiece, The Cantos, contains both the traces of Yeats-style symbolic expressions and the diverse ＂narrative＂ details, which signifies that Yeatsian symbolism has been potentially affecting him all along.