纳米技术在非常规油气勘探开发中的应用

Nanotechnology and Its Application in the Exploration and Development of Unconventional Oil and Gas

纳米技术在非常规油气致密储集层(致密砂岩、致密碳酸盐岩、泥页岩及煤岩等)储集空间微观结构表征、油气赋存及流动研究中发挥着重要的作用。目前,多项先进技术(如TEM、AFM、FIB-SEM、纳米CT、NMR等)和方法(如气体吸附法、压汞法等)已被广泛应用于非常规油气储集层储集空间定性/定量表征,但各种技术方法均具有一定局限性,需结合多种技术手段,综合表征储集层储集空间特性。蒙特卡洛方法、分子动力学和格子Boltzmann数值模拟方法为非常规油气赋存特征和微-纳尺度流动机制研究提供了有效的手段,具有广阔的应用前景。此外,纳米技术在常规油气藏钻井、完井和开采等方面也显示了其独特优势。纳米技术的发展及广泛应用,将有助于非常规油气的勘探与开发。

Nanotechnology plays a significant role on studying microstructure characteristics of reservoir space and the accumulation and flow of oil-gas within unconventional reservoirs such as tight sandstone,tight carbonate rocks,mudstoneshale,and coal etc. Recently,various advanced techniques（ e.g. TEM,AFM,FIB-SEM,Nano-CT and NMR） and methods（ e.g. gas adsorption and mercury porosimetry） have been utilized widely for qualitatively and/or quantitatively characterizing the pore-fracture system of unconventional oil-gas reservoirs. However,each technique and method has its own limitation. This means that a comprehensive uilization of those techniques and methods should be applied for studying characteristics of unconventional oil-gas reservoirs. Numerical simulation of Molecular Dynamics（ MD）,Monte Carlo and Lattice Boltzmann Method（ LBM） are effectively applied to research the accumulation characteristics and flowing mechanism of unconventional oil-gas at a micro-nanometer scale. In addition,nanotechnology also has an unique advantage in the drilling,completion and extraction of conventional oil-gas. The development and wide application of nanotechnologies will be very helpful for the exploration and development of unconventional oil-gas.