提高对HIV-1急性感染和HIV-2诊断能力的检测策略

Optimization of Laboratory HIV Testing Algorithm for Acute HIV Infection and HIV-2 Diagnosis

针对多年使用的艾滋病病毒(HIV)检测策略存在的问题,以及目前的检测技术研发和应用状况,美国疾病控制和预防中心在2014年6月提出了新的HIV检测策略,联合使用HIV抗原和抗体检测试剂、能够区分HIV-1和HIV-2抗体的诊断试剂以及HIV-1核酸定性诊断试剂,提高对HIV-1急性感染和HIV-2的检出效能,同时减少需要随访的不确定结果,缩短等待时间。文章对这个检测策略进行了全面介绍,并提出制定适合我国的HIV检测策略的建议。

Considering the problems of currently used HIV testing algorithm and the improvements of HIV testing techniques,The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC） of America published new guidelines for the diagnosis of HIV infections in Jun,2014.Three kinds of HIV testing assays,including the combination immunoassay that detects HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies and HIV-1 p24 antigen,the immunoassay that differentiates HIV-1 antibodies from HIV-2 antibodies and the HIV-1 nucleic acid test assay,were rational used.The purpose of the new proposal were enhancing the capability to identify acute HIV-1 infection and HIV-2 infection,to decrease the indeterminant diagnoses produced by Western Blot and to cut the time waiting for result.In this paper,this HIV testing algorithm were introduced and the suggestions of HIV testing strategy fit for our country were proposed.