南京市中小学教职工控烟干预效果分析

Effectiveness of tobacco-control intervention program among primary and secondary school staff in Nanjing

目的评价在南京市43所中小学教职工中开展控烟工作的效果,为中小学校有效开展校园控烟工作提供科学依据。方法对南京市中小学校的教职工进行基线调查后实行无烟学校创建和倡导教职工支持无烟政策等一系列控烟干预措施。1 a后采用与基线调查同样的问卷进行调查,比较干预前后调查对象的吸烟率、控烟知识掌握和吸烟相关信念持有情况。结果教职工干预前吸烟率为14.1%,干预后为13.6%,干预前后差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0.261,P〉0.05）。教职工重度吸烟者的比例干预前、后分别为6.3%和2.5%,干预后明显低于干预前（χ^2=5.634,P〈0.05）。干预后教职工（46.1%）在学校吸过烟的比例远低于干预前（58.7%）,干预后教职工（82.9%）不会在室内工作场所或公共场所吸烟者比例高于干预前（69.6%）（χ^2值分别为10.905,16.517,P值均〈0.05）。控烟知识掌握和吸烟相关信念持有情况,干预后的知晓或持有率高于干预前;教职工在学校参加过控烟政策培训的参与率干预后（66.9%）高于干预前（48.8%）（χ^2=167.778,P〈0.01）。结论控烟干预工作可以提高教职工知识知晓率,吸烟态度以及吸烟场所也有所改变,但对吸烟率的影响效果不明显。需加大对具体控烟措施的执行和监督力度,以达到控烟的目的。

Objective To evaluate effectiveness of tobacco-control program in 43 staffs of primary and secondary schools in Nanjing. Methods After conducting baseline survey a series of tobacco control strategies were implemented. Knowledge, attitude, practice of tobacco control and smoking rates before and after intervention was assessed and compared with questionnaire after one year. Results Smoking rate before and after intervention was 14.1%, 13.6%, respectively. The difference was statistically sig- nificant（χ2 =0. 261, P〉0.05）. The proportion of heavy smokers decreased from 6.3% to 2.5% after intervention the rate after in- vervention was much lower than before（χ2 = 5. 634, P〈0. 05）, and proportion of people who smoke in the school and who smoke in- door decreased from 58.7% to 46.1% and from 82.9% to 69.6% after intervention（χ2 = 10.905, 16. 517, P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Tobacco control in primary and secondary school is effective in improving knowledge and attitude, but not effective in reducing thesmoking rates.