奶牛粪蚯蚓堆肥的基质配方及对草莓育苗的影响

Substrate Formula of Cow Manure Vermicompost and Its Effects on Strawberry Seedling

将奶牛粪蚯蚓堆肥与泥炭、珍珠岩和蛭石按不同比例进行复配,然后进行草莓育苗生长试验,通过分析草莓生长情况,筛选出适合草莓育苗的最佳基质配方。结果表明,复配后育苗基质的理化性质优良,适合草莓生长。与常规基质相比,添加不同量蚯蚓堆肥的育苗基质均不同程度促进了草莓母株和一级子苗的生长(除蚯蚓堆肥完全替代泥炭处理外),随着蚯蚓堆肥比例的增加,草莓植株生长情况表现为先上升后下降的趋势。所有处理中,以蚯蚓堆肥占育苗基质物料总体积1/3的配比处理(替代50%的泥炭)的综合效果最好,较常规基质能显著提高草莓母株和一级子苗的品质,母株的株高、生物量、根系形态指标、相对叶绿素含量(SPAD值)和过氧化物酶活性,以及一级子苗功能叶的叶柄长、叶面积和SPAD值等,该配方可推荐用于架式草莓工厂化育苗生产。

In this study, the cow manure vermicompost, peat, perlite, and vermiculite were mixed with different proportions to select the best substrate for strawberry seedlings through the analysis of strawberry growth. The results showed that the substrates were general suitable for strawberry growth. Compared with the conventional substrate, the substrates mixed with different portions of vermicompost improved the quality of maternal and child strawberry seedlings（except the treatment with peat replaced by the vermicompost entirely）. With the increasing proportions of vermicompost, the growth of strawberry seedlings firstly increased and then decreased. In all treatments, one-third vermicompost in substrate material volume of seedling substrate had the best effect on strawberry seedlings in general, compared with the conventional substrate, this treatment significantly increased the quality of strawberry maternal and child seedlings, and improved the plant height, biomass, root morphology index, SPAD value and peroxidase activity of the maternal strawberry seedlings, the leaf area, petiole length and petiole coarse of the child strawberry seedlings, etc. So it can be recommended for the actual production of strawberry seedling.