精神疾病患者家属病耻感现况及影响因素

Stigma and Related Factors of Psychiatric Patients' Family Members

目的:对精神疾病患者家属的感知病耻感状况进行描述,并分析病耻感的影响因素。方法:采取随机抽样方法抽取157名住院精神疾病患者的家属,对其进行病耻感以及影响因素的问卷调查,分析了病耻感在年龄、性别、婚姻状况、职业、受教育程度等的分布差异,并从社会和人口学、精神卫生和心理健康知识、社会支持、应对方式等角度分析病耻感的影响因素。结果:78.3%的精神疾病患者家属存在感知病耻感,不同年龄、性别、婚姻状况、受教育程度等的家属,其病耻感程度不同(t=31.319,-3.105,32.300,23.868;P<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析发现,消极应对、年龄、性别、患者住院次数、客观支持、患者病程、积极应对为病耻感的显著影响因素(P<0.01)。结论:精神疾病患者家属的感知病耻感不容忽视,消极应对方式越强、客观支持与积极应对方式越少的患者家属,病耻感越强。本研究所得结果为改善精神疾病患者家属的心理健康状况提供了部分参考依据。

Objective：To study the perceived stigma and related factors in family members of psychiatric patients.Methods：This study selected 157 family members of psychiatric patients by random sampling and investigated them with questionnaire.Differences of stigma in age,gender,marital status,occupation,education level etc were analyzed.Also the influencing factors of stigma were investigated from demography clinical features,mental health knowledge,social support and coping style.Results：Totally 78.3% family members had high level of stigma.There were significant differences in stigma between different ages,gender,marital status,education levels of family members（t=31.319,-3.105,32.300,23.868;P〈0.01）.Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that negative coping style,age,gender,admission times of psychiatric patients,objective support,clinical course of patients and positive coping style were the significant factors of stigma（P〈0.01）.Conclusion：The perceived stigma in family members of psychiatric patients needs our more concerns.High level of stigma is associated with the trend of negative coping style,lack of objective support and positive coping style.The study provides some reference basis to improve mental health condition in family members of psychiatric patients.