亚临界萃取联合太赫兹波提取玉米皮油的研究

Extraction of corn fiber crude oil by subcritical extraction technology in combination with terahertz radiation

玉米皮和玉米酒糟中含有5%~12%的油脂,这些油脂还含有丰富的植物甾醇和玉米黄素,由于提取技术等限制,并未能加以有效利用。研究采用太赫兹波处理联合亚临界萃取技术从玉米皮中获得了玉米皮毛油,得率为5.12%,提取率相较于索氏提取为145.04%;并分别测定了油的酸值、碘值、过氧化值、皂化值、总植物甾醇及总玉米黄色素含量。结果表明：玉米皮毛油的脂肪酸组成与文献报道的玉米酒糟（DDGS）毛油和玉米胚芽毛油相近,亚油酸含量超过50%,但其亚麻酸含量是玉米酒糟毛油和玉米胚芽毛油的2倍;且玉米皮毛油中总植物甾醇、总玉米黄素的含量分别为3.87%和2073.22μg/g,都显著高于玉米酒糟毛油和玉米胚芽毛油,是一种极具开发潜力的优质保健食用油新资源。

Corn fiber and distillers dried grains with soluble（DDGS）contain 5%~12% oil,and the oil also rich contains phytosterols and zeaxanthin,but so far,due to restrictions such as extraction technology,has been unable to make effective use of these materials.It was obtained the corn fiber crude oil by subcritical extraction technology in combination with terahertz radiation,the yield of the oil was 5.12%,and the extraction ratio was up to 145.04% compared with traditional Soxhlet extraction.The acid value,iodine value,peroxide value,saponification value,contents of total phytosterol and total zeaxanthin of the crude oil were detected respectively.The results showed that the fatty acid composition of the corn fiber crude oil were similar with DDGS crude oil and corn germ crude oil in the literature reports,the most abundant fatty acid was linoleic acid,which was more than 50% of the total fatty acid,and the content of linolenic acid was about 2 times higher than the DDGS crude oil and corn germ crude oil obviously.Most important was the content of total phytosterol and zeaxanthin were 3.87%,2073.22 μg/g,respectively,and both of these were higher than the DDGS crude oil and corn germ crude oil significantly.The Corn fiber oil has the potential to be a new resource of high quality cooking oil.