傅里叶红外光谱对野生及栽培滇龙胆不同部位的研究

Study on Different Parts of Wild and Cultivated Gentiana Rigescens with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

中药及其制剂的应用具有悠久历史,随着研究的深入,市场需求量日益增加,野生资源难以满足市场需求,开展野生和栽培品及化学成分累积动态的研究具有重要意义。为了比较野生和栽培的滇龙胆不同部位（根、茎、叶）化学成分的差异,用傅里叶红外光谱、二阶导数光谱对其进行分析及评价研究。采集60份样品的红外光谱数据,用Nicolet Omnic8.0软件计算各个样品的二阶导数光谱和匹配值。结果显示,野生和栽培滇龙胆根、茎及叶的红外光谱图整体峰形相似,在1 732,1 643,1 613,1 510,1 417,1 366,1 322,1 070cm-1附近主要为酯类、萜类、糖类物质的吸收峰。1 800~600cm-1波段范围内,样品与龙胆苦苷标准品二阶导数光谱的峰位和峰强有差异,具有多个指纹特征峰,分别为1 679,1 613,1 466,1 272,1 204,1 103,1 074,985,935cm-1;野生和栽培样品的根在1 613cm-1（龙胆苦苷中萜类物质C—C吸收峰）附近特征峰明显强于茎和叶,根中龙胆苦苷类成分高于茎及叶;野生样品的茎在1 521,1 462,1 452cm-1附近为木质素类物质的苯环骨架振动峰,并呈现强吸收峰,栽培样品茎呈现中等强峰,茎富含木质素类物质。所有样品红外光谱与野生样品根的平均光谱相似度较大,二阶导数光谱与野生样品根的平均光谱的相关性差异较大,相似度大小分别为：根〉茎〉叶。红外光谱法结合二阶导数谱能为同类物种野生和栽培药材不同部位的差异分析和评价提供参考。

The application of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）and their preparations have a long history.With the deepening of the research,the market demand is increasing.However,wild resources are so limited that it can not meet the needs of the market.The development of wild and cultivated samples and research on accumulation dynamics of chemical component are of great significance.In order to compare composition difference of different parts（root,stem,and leaf）of wild and cultivated G.rigescens,Fourier infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）and second derivative spectra were used to analyze and evaluate.The second derivative spectra of 60 samples and the rate of affinity（the match values）were measured automatically using the appropriate software（Omnic 8.0）.The results showed that the various parts of wild and cultivated G.rigescens.were high similar the peaks at1 732,1 643,1 613,1 510,1 417,1 366,1 322,1 070cm-1 were the characteristic peak of esters,terpenoids and saccharides,respectively.Moreover,the shape and peak intensity were more distinct in the second derivative spectrum of samples.In the second derivative spectrum range of 1 800~600cm-1,the fingerprint characteristic peak of samples and gentiopicroside standards were 1 679,1 613,1 466,1 272,1 204,1 103,1 074,985,935cm-1.The characteristic peak intensity of gentiopicroside of roots of wild and cultivated samples at 1 613cm-1（C—C）was higher than stems and leaves which indicated the higher content of gentiopicroside in root than in stem and leaves.Stems of wild samples at 1 521,1 462 and 1 452cm-1 are the skeletal vibration peak of benzene ring of lignin,and the stem of cultivated sample have stronger peak than other samples which showed that rich lignin in stems.The iInfrared spectrum of samples were similar with the average spectral of root of wild samples,and significant difference was found for the correlation between second derivative spectrum of samples and average spectral of wild samples root,and the sequence of similarity was root〉stem〉leaf.Therefore,FTIR combined with second derivative spectra was an express and comprehensive approach to analyze and evaluate in the imperceptible differences among different parts of wild and cultivated of G.rigescens.