平顶猴主要组织相容性复合物基因研究进展

Advances in research of pig-tailed macaque major histocompatibility complex gene

平顶猴是目前唯一被报道可被人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）感染的旧大陆猴,并且已成为在研究HIV致病机制、抗病毒药物和疫苗研发中极具前景的动物模型.随着平顶猴在动物模型中日益广泛的应用,其免疫系统相关的基础数据,尤其是主要组织相容性复合物（MHC）基因受到越来越多的关注.MHC基因是广泛分布于脊椎动物体内且与免疫应答和移植排斥密切相关的一组庞大的基因家族.许多研究证明,MHC基因具有高度的多态性,并且其多态性对药物实验数据以及疾病发展进程有显著影响.在动物模型实验中,了解实验动物的MHC基因有利于实验的设计和提高实验结果的可靠性.开展平顶猴MHC基因研究获得其等位基因多态性等相关基础数据对该物种成为更理想可靠的动物模型有重要的研究意义.

The pig-tailed macaque is the only primate in Old World monkeys that is susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus-1 （HIV-1） and has served as a promising acquired immune deficiency syndrome （AIDS） non-human primate model for drugs and vaccine research.With the increasing number of pig-tailed macaque used in medical research,researchers now focus on its major histocompatibility complex （MHC）.MHC molecules play a critical role in immune response and transplant rejection.To date,there are 559 pig-tailed macaque MHC alleles identified and named.The MHC typing in animal models may improve the design of experiment and the reliability of the experimental results.Characterization of the pig-tailed macaques MHC may help this species to be a promising HIV/AIDS model.Here we reviewed the characteristics of pig-tailed macaques MHC structure,function,association with disease and significance in AIDS model.