摘要
结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引发的一种传染病。1882年,结核分枝杆菌(mycobacterium tuberculosis,Mtb)由Rober t Koch发现,至今仍是致人类死亡主要病原体之一。更可怕是,多重耐药(MDR)和广泛耐药(XDR)Mtb患病率的明显增加。上世纪90年代,世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)宣布结核病处于全球性紧急状态。结核病的最佳预防措施是接种疫苗,但是卡介苗(bacille Calmette-Guér in,BCG)对成人的保护效力不完全。随着Mtb基因序列的检测成功,疫苗的研究取得了重大的进展,已经有十几种候选疫苗准备或已进人体临床试验阶段。当前热门的候选疫苗包括重组BCG疫苗、减毒Mtb活疫苗和亚单位疫苗等。本文将从这些方面进行综述。
Tuberculosis is a kind of epidemic disease caused by the bacterium mycobacterium tuberculosis（Mtb）.Mtb was discovered by Robert Koch in 1882,remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide.What is more,the morbidity of MDR and XDR Mtb is increasing.Tuberculosis is a global emergency announced by The World Health Organization（WHO） in last 90 s.The best prevention is receiving vaccine,but Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin（BCG） does not have a whole protective effect in adults.After the M.tuberculosis genome was published,great improvements are attained as several vaccine candidates are in the clinical trial process,such as recombinant BCGs,subunit vaccines.This article will do a review concerning these respects.
出处
《临床与病理杂志》
2016年第1期85-88,共4页
Journal of Clinical and Pathological Research
关键词
结核病
疫苗
卡介苗
tuberculosis
vaccine
bacille Calmette-Guerin（BCG
