煤制天然气对降低大气污染的贡献分析

Analysis on the Contribution of Coal-to-SNG to Reducing the Discharge of Air Pollutants

煤直接燃烧产生的硫酸盐、硝酸盐、粉尘等是造成我国大面积雾霾问题的重要因素。基于我国资源禀赋特点及能源消费国情,煤制天然气是煤炭清洁利用、减少大气污染的有效途径。从煤炭资源所在地、煤炭运输沿线、天然气消费地区能源消费结构三方面,对比了煤制天然气与煤炭直接燃烧、天然气管输与煤炭运输、天然气替代其他能源消费的污染物减排效果。分析表明,煤制天然气能把煤中含有的硫、氮等可生成污染物的组分集中转化为硫磺、氨水等产品;天然气管输运输环节相比煤炭的运输环节,能降低能耗和污染;天然气消费地区的煤改气和油改气,可大幅降低污染物排放。

Coal direct combustion produces sulfate, nitrate, dust, etc., which are one of the important factors causing fog and haze problem in china. Based on the characteristics of China′s natural resources and energy consumption, coal-to-SNG is one of effective ways to reduce the discharge of air pollutants. Considering the impact of three aspects： location of coal resources, coal transportation routes, and energy consumption structure of natural gas consumption areas, this paper has compared the pollutant emission reduction effect of coal to SNG vs. coal direct combustion, natural gas pipeline transportation vs. coal transportation, and natural gas replacing other energy resources consumption. The analysis shows that, as an important branch of coal utilization in modern coal chemical industry, coal-to-SNG can turn sulfur and nitrogen in coal effectively which may generate pollutants into sulphur, aqueous ammonia and other products. The natural gas pipeline transportation can reduce energy consumption and pollution compared with the transportation of coal. Changing coal and gasoline to SNG can significantly reduce the discharge of pollutants in natural gas consumption areas.