奶牛乳腺氨基酸代谢利用及其信号通路

Amino Acids Metabolism and Signaling Pathways in Bovine Mammary Gland

乳腺是奶牛乳汁合成的重要器官,乳腺内营养物质代谢与乳品质密切相关。乳蛋白作为乳中最重要的营养物质,一直受到研究者关注。氨基酸是乳蛋白合成的重要前体物,同时也是乳腺代谢途径的重要调控因子。乳腺内氨基酸代谢涉及诸多信号通路,对信号通路的深入研究可从细胞分子水平揭示乳合成调控机理,为奶牛乳腺内氨基酸代谢营养调控提供理论依据。本文针对奶牛乳腺氨基酸代谢及其涉及到的信号通路进行综述,并就其与营养的关联进行了阐述。

The mammary gland is the most important organ to produce milk in dairy cows. The metabolism of nutrients in the mammary gland is related to the quality of milk. Much attention has been paid to milk protein.Amino acids are not only building blocks of milk protein but also key regulators of metabolic pathways in the mammary gland of dairy cows. The metabolism of amino acids in the mammary gland involves a number of signaling pathways which will modulate the mechanism at cellular molecular level. Knowledge of these pathways will provide the theoretical foundation for modulating the nutrition of dairy cows. In this review,the metabolism of amino acids and the main signaling pathway in the mammary gland of dairy cows were introduced,and their relationship to nutrition was also discussed.