桑叶粉对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Mulberry Leaf Powder on Growth Performance,Meat Quality and Serum Biochemical Indexes in Finishing Pigs

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加桑叶粉对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响。选用始重[(87.10±5.33)kg]基本一致的健康"杜×大×长"三元杂交育肥猪160头,随机分为4组(每组4个重复,每个重复10头):对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂含5%、10%、15%桑叶粉饲粮,试验期50 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)饲粮中添加5%和10%的桑叶粉对育肥猪平均日增重影响不显著(P>0.05);添加15%的桑叶粉显著降低育肥猪平均日增重和显著提高料重比(P<0.05)。2)添加5%和10%桑叶粉对屠宰后45 min、24 h肌肉剪切力和p H影响不显著(P>0.05),可提高肌肉的大理石纹评分,但差异不显著(P>0.05);当桑叶粉添加15%时,平均背膘厚和肌肉总胆固醇含量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)添加5%、10%、15%桑叶粉能显著提高肌肉中超氧化物歧化酶的活性(P<0.05),降低肌肉中丙二醛的含量(P>0.05),有效提高肌肉的抗氧化能力。4)添加5%、10%、15%桑叶粉血清尿素氮含量均显著提高(P<0.05),脂肪酶活性降低,但差异不显著(P>0.05),饲粮中添加15%桑叶粉能显著降低血清甘油三酯含量(P<0.05)。综合各项指标,饲粮中添加10%的桑叶粉对育肥猪生长速度影响较小,但可有效提高肉品质。

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of mulberry leaf powder on growth performance, meat quality and serum biochemical indexes in finishing pigs. One hundred and sixty ＇ DurocxYorkshirexLand- race＇ health finishing pigs with initial weight of （87.10±5.33） kg were randomly divided into four groups with four replicates in each group and ten pigs in each replicate. Pigs in the four groups were fed with a basal diet （ control group, group Ⅰ ）, the basal diet containing 5% mulberry leaf powder （ group Ⅱ ）, the basal diet containing 10% mulberry leaf powder （ group Ⅲ ）, and the basal diet containing 15% mulberry leaf powder （group Ⅳ ）, respectively. The experiment lasted for 50 days. The results showed as follows： compared with the control group, 1 ） the average daily gain of finishing pigs fed diet containing 5% and 10% mulberry leaf powder was not significantly different （P〉0.05）, the average daily gain was significantly decreased and the ra- tio of feed to gain was significantly increased in pigs fed diet containing 15% mulberry leaf powder （P〈0.05）. 2 ） Shear force and pH of muscle at 45 min and 24 h post-slaughter were not significantly different in finishing pigs fed diet containing 5% and 10% mulberry leaf powder （P〉0.05）, but marbling score was increased with no significantly different （P〉0.05）. Backfat thickness and cholesterol content in muscle were significantly de- creased in pigs fed diet containing 15% mulberry leaf powder （P〈0.05）. 3 ） As diet mulberry leaf powder lev- el was 5%, 10% and 15%, the SOD activity was significantly increased （P〈0.05） and malonaldehyde content was significantly decreased （P〉0.05）, and the antioxidant performance of muscle was improved. 4） Urea ni- trogen content in serum was significantly increased in pigs fed diets containing 5%, 10% and 15% mulberry leaf powder （P〈0.05）, lipase activity was decreased with no significantly different （P〉0.05）, and triglycer- ide content was significantly decreased in pigs fed diet containing 15% mulberry leaf powder （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, diet containing 10% mulberry leaf powder has less effect on the growth rate of finishing pigs, while can improve meat quality.