宋代诗学与词学

Song Dynasty Ci and Shi Poetics

宋代是诗学的高峰期,词学的发展也相当迅猛,形成了词学史上的第一个高峰。就宋代诗学与词学的整体关系来看,主要是诗学对词学影响日益深化的过程。随着词体的演进以及"以诗为词"实践的深入和扩大,词学家自觉或不自觉地受诗学思想的影响,逐渐改变着自己的词学观念。就诗学影响词学的过程来看,经历了以诗教思想批判词体、以诗学理念解释词体,进而形成了融入诗学思想而又注意到词体特征的新词体观的过程。在这个过程中,词学家对词体的认识逐渐更新且深化,至南宋中后期新的词体观念基本成熟,并对后世产生了深远的影响。

The Song Dynasty was a high point in poetics,and also a period when ci poetics developed rapidly,resulting in the first high tide in the history of ci studies.Once the ci fell into the hands of the scholar gentry,they were attracted by the magnetism of this powerful poetic form and made it their preferred verse form.Critics played a marked role in the evolution of ci styles.At first they used didactic poetic theory to criticize and exclude it;then they provided an exegesis of ci using the ideas of existing poetics,bringing the ci form on to the track of shi poetics;and finally,they developed new styles of ci which merged with the character and qualities of previous poetic forms.One could say that the history of the development of the Song c iis a history of the influence exerted by the existing poetics on ci studies,a history in which both learned from each other and blended together and in whichci poetics gradually accepted shi poetics and was itself changed.