聚合物太阳能电池活性层的形貌调控

Manipulating the nanoscale morphology in the active layers of polymer solar cells

聚合物太阳能电池由于制备工艺简单、重量轻、成本低廉、可制备大面积柔性器件等优点,成为新能源和材料科学中的重要研究方向.经过近10年的发展,聚合物太阳能电池的能量转换效率从2005年的5%提高到目前的10%左右,然而聚合物太阳能电池的活性层形貌仍是制约其能量转换效率的一个重要方面.本文围绕聚合物太阳能电池结构与性能的关系,重点介绍了活性层材料的分子设计(共轭主链调制、烷基侧链优化等)和加工方法(热退火、添加剂、三元溶剂、绿色溶剂等)对其微观形貌的影响,并展望了聚合物太阳能电池未来的发展趋势以及面临的关键挑战.

In the past decade,polymer solar cells（PSCs） have been rapidly developing and regarded as one of the most important research directions in the field of renewable energy and material sciences due to their potential applicability in flexible,lightweight,low-cost and/or transparent large-area devices. The morphology of the active layers of polymer solar cells is an important aspect affecting its power conversion efficiency. In this review,the molecular design of the active layers and processing method（such as thermal annealing,additive,ternary solvent and green solvent） are introduced,and the future and key challenges of polymer solar cells is prospected.