从构式形义匹配的理据到单词语义表征的建构:以“要”为例

From Motivation of Form / Meaning Pairing in Constructions to Establishment of Lexical Semantic Representation:With Special Reference to YAO

语言使用中"同一形式多种用法"的现象对当代认知语言学的符号性假设提出了挑战,需要研究者通过普遍认知能力寻求构式形义匹配的理据,以此为基础建构单词的语义表征。本文从"要"的形式特征入手,分析四种论元实现方式所匹配的构式语义,进而通过心理空间和力量传递的语义共性建构"要"的词汇语义表征。基于普遍认知能力的分析为构式理据的阐释和单词意义的建构提供了一条新的进路。

The phenomenon of ＂one form,multiple uses＂poses a challenge to the symbolic thesis of contemporary cognitive linguistics. It requires the researcher to seek the motivations of form / meaning pairings via general cognitive abilities,based on which the semantic representations of the lexical units can be constructed. The present article starts with the formal features of YAO,analyses the constructional semantics paired with each of its four argument realizations and furthermore establishes the lexical semantic representation of YAO via the semantic parallels in terms of the mental space and the force transmission. The analysis based on general cognitive abilities provides a new approach to the explanation of constructional motivations and the establishment of lexical semantics.