奥斯丁的爱情乌托邦与婚姻异托邦——以《理智与情感》和《傲慢与偏见》为例

Utopia of Love and Dystopia of Marriage in Jane Austen's Works: A Case Study on Sense and Sensibility and Pride and Prejudice

奥斯丁小说多关于男婚女嫁,然而在描写恋爱过程与婚姻生活上却使用了乌托邦与异托邦两种截然不同的艺术表现手法。在小说《理智与情感》和《傲慢与偏见》中,作者运用童话般的情节结构、与世隔绝的乌托邦空间、以及姐妹互助的女性乌托邦社会等多种表现手法,展现恋爱的理想性。而班纳特夫妇、约翰·达什伍德夫妇等多对婚内夫妻之间冷漠、世俗、机械的生活状态,则是以异托邦的手法展现扭曲的婚姻世界。爱情乌托邦与婚姻异托邦的冲突与共存展现出奥斯丁在理想与现实、浪漫主义与理性主义之间的权衡和思考。

The works of Jane Austen demonstrate different artistic methods in portraying the Utopia characteristic of love and dystopia of marriages,respectively. In Sense and Sensibility and Pride and Prejudice,by constructing a structure of fairy tales and by creating an isolated Utopia space and a women Utopia of sisterhood,Austen＇s idealism on love is suggested. Meanwhile,the description of Mr. and Mrs. Bennet,Mr. and Mrs. John Dashwood,and other married couples exposes a tortured matrimonial world. The conflict and coexistence between the Utopia of love and the dystopia of marriage reflect Austen＇s weighing and perception on the relationship between idealism and reality,and between romanticism and rationalism.