“君子”、“小人”与“女子”辨析

Discrimination among “Superior Men”,“Inferior Men”and “Girls”

《论语》对于中国文化的影响,最重要的方面恐怕是关于君子与小人的反复辨析。君子和小人的本意是就社会地位而言,但在孔子及其弟子的很多讨论中,则侧重于将君子和小人定位在德行意义上。虽然有人斥责"伪君子",而肯定"真小人",但君子与小人之分,仍旧成为适用于各个领域的评价范畴。而当"小人"与"女子"并提时,则引起很多争议。梳理相关的思想资源,在文献脉络与历史语境中重新审视和梳理君子与小人的内涵,可以为今日之人格培养与传统文化的研究提供借鉴。

Of the impacts of The Analects of Confucius upon Chinese culture, the most important one is probably the repeated discrimination between superior men and inferior men. The original sense of the two terms are originally derived from their respective social status, however, in the discussion of Confucius with his disciples, the focus is on the positioning of their sense of virtue. Though some people condemn the ＂pseudo - superior men ＂and affirm ＂true inferior men＂, the differentiation between them is still applicable to the evaluation categories in every field. However, when ＂inferior men＂ and ＂girls＂ are put side by side, much more disputes are incurred. Therefore, it is able to provide references personality cultivation and traditional cultural studies to sort out relevant ideological resources, through a new look at their connotations.