内蒙古部分地区8种畜肉胆固醇含量分析

Cholesterol Contents of Meat from 8 Livestock Species in Some Areas of Inner Mongolia

为全面系统地分析内蒙古地区畜肉胆固醇含量,从草原、半农牧区和市郊养殖基地采集8种畜肉样本共387份,以后座和肋部胆固醇均值估计整体水平,并对物种、部位以及牛和绵羊采样季节、性别和年龄等进行差异检验。结果表明:各物种畜肉胆固醇含量由大到小依次为:山羊(69.60±12.73)mg/100 g、绵羊(54.77±10.96)mg/100 g、猪(52.72±6.19)mg/100 g、牛(49.98±12.31)mg/100 g、驴(47.88±15.08)mg/100 g、鹿(43.63±4.37)mg/100 g、骆驼(41.57±8.62)mg/100 g、马(41.17±14.83)mg/100 g。山羊肉显著高于其他畜肉,骆驼和马均显著低于其他畜肉;冬春季牛肉显著低于夏秋季,绵羊肉与其相反,无显著差异;公牛肉高于母牛和去势牛,与去势牛差异显著;母羊显著高于公羊和去势羊;牛和绵羊肉胆固醇随年龄增长有明显的上升趋势。

A total of 387 meat samples from 8 livestock species collected from grasslands,semi-agricultural and semipastoral areas and outskirt breeding bases in Inner Mongolia were analyzed for cholesterol contents.The overall average of cholesterol content of silverside and rib from each species was estimated and differences between species and anatomical parts,as well as cattle and sheep of different genders slaughtered in different seasons at different ages were examined.Results showed that the cholesterol content of meat from 8 animal species was in the descending order：goat（69.60 ±12.73） mg/100 g,sheep（54.77±10.96） mg/100 g,pork（52.72±6.19） mg/100 g,cattle（49.98±12.31） mg/100 g,donkey（47.88±15.08） mg/100 g,deer（43.63±4.37） mg/100 g,camel（41.57±8.62） mg/100 g,and horse（41.17±14.83） mg/100 g,indicating that goat meat showed a significantly highercholesterol content than meat from other animals and camel meat and horsemeat had a significantly lower cholesterol content than meat from other animals.The cholesterol content of meat of cattle slaughtered in winter was significantly lowerthan in summer and autumn;however,the opposite result was observed for mutton without significant difference.An increase in cholesterol content was found for bull meat compared with cow meat and castrated bull meat,but showing a significant difference from castrated bull meat.Ewe meat exhibited a significant increase in cholesterol content than the meat of ram and castrated sheep.The cholesterol content of both beef and sheep meat displayed an apparent upward trend with increasing slaughter age.