中日战争下日本帝国投向上海的“视线”--以上海观光媒体为中心

Japan's Vision to Shanghai in Sino-Japanese War: Focusing on the Tourism Media of Sightseeing in Shanghai

"观光"这一词汇是日本明治维新后由官方制定的,意欲向人们展示"国家的闪光点"。日本帝国向正式的殖民地、非正式的领土行使政治影响力的势力范围被称为"帝国圈",日本本土的人们可进行观光的地域范围则被称为"观光圈",两者间关系密切。中日战争下的上海观光旅行,与当时的日本国内旅行一样,均被定位于国民精神总动员的一环。以招徕日本人游客为目的的指南书、明信片、影集、游记、地图、歌曲等等上海观光媒体大量发行。与中日战争爆发前相比较,上述观光媒体的表象大为改变,为了对抗上海的欧美文化而强调宣扬上海神社等"日本文化",呈现出完全无视中国民族主义、以自我为中心的"帝国的视线"。

The term 'sightseeing'was established by Japanese Government after Meiji Restoration to show people the highlights of the nation. The tourism media like postcards,albums,travel notes,maps and songs were largely published among sightseeing tours in Shanghai during the Sino- Japanese War. Compared with that before the war,the tourism media after the war changed to propaganda Japanese culture,which was quite self- centered and ignored the nationalism of China.