上海解放后英国针对国民党封锁上海的对策及成因

British Countermeasures against KMT Blockade of Shanghai after the Liberation of Shanghai and the Causes of its Formation

上海解放后,国民党利用自己的海空优势对上海进行了持续近一年的海上封锁,封锁在加剧了上海民众生活困难的同时,也严重损害了英国的在沪利益。为了保护英国在沪经济利益和在华影响力,英国政府以国民党的封锁不符合国际法相关条文为由,拒绝承认国民党的封锁,并采取了一系列手段,试图打破国民党对上海的封锁。但由于国民党的阻挠、美国对英国努力的冷淡态度、国际法的约束,加之伦敦担忧各方对英国行动不利的政治反应,英国政府最终没有能够成功打破国民党对上海的封锁,英国在沪企业的经营状况和在沪侨民的士气也因为国民党的封锁而元气大伤。

After PLA liberated Shanghai,Kuomintang utilized his remaining maritime and air supremacy to blockade Shanghai for almost one year. While aggravating the hardship of Shanghai residents ' living,it also brought great damage to British interest in Shanghai. British authority refused to admit the blockade and tried to break it. However,due to Kuomintang's obstruction and American's indifference,British authority did not achieve its goal. Thus,the economic situation of local British enterprise and the moral of local British community were badly damaged.