中国大都市城市竞争力评价分析--基于因子分析法

Evaluation of Urban Competitiveness in China Metropolises Based on Factor Analysis

北京、上海等12座大都市的竞争力评价体系包括人口、经济、生活质量、文化和智慧化5个一级指标、15个二级指标和38个三级指标,文章利用因子分析法对2009至2012年间12个大都市的竞争力进行了量化分析,得出四点结论:第一,从整体看,12个大都市发展基本呈正向上升趋势;第二,从具体得分看,中国12个大都市的发展态势可划分为三大阵营;第三,从横向比较看,中国的12个大都市在2009至2012年间的发展差距较大。"十三五"期间,其主要发展趋势是中国大都市之间的差距将进一步拉大、团队将进一步扩容、集聚程度将进一步强化、都市产业结构调整将进入反复震荡期、生活质量会提到更加重要的地位、文化建设上将会有更大作为以及人文型智慧城市将引领中国智慧城市的新常态。

The comprehensive competitiveness evaluation system involving 12 metropolises such as Beijing and Shanghai includes 5 tier-1 metrics, i.e. population, economy, life quality, culture and smartness, 15 tier-2 metrics and 38 tier-3 metrics. Factor analysis is used to make a quantitative research on the comprehensive competitiveness of 12 metropolises from 2009 to 2012. In this paper, the following three conclusions are drawn. Firstly, the 12 metropolises generally have a positively upgrading trend. Secondly, based on specific scoring, the 12 metropolises are classified into three groups. Thirdly, there are great gaps between the 12 metropolises from 2009 to 2012 in a horizontal comparative view. The 12 metropolises entered a stable period after 2010. In the period of the 13th Five-year Plan of China, the metropolises have the following developing trends. First of all, the gaps between the metropolises are widening. Secondly, there will be more metropolises in China. Thirdly, the gathering power of China^s metropolises will be stronger. Fourthly, the metropolitan industrial structure will experience a repeated turmoil. Fifthly, the life quality in the metropolises will be given a priority. Sixthly, the cultural field will undergo a rapid development. Seventhly, cultural smart cities will play a dominant role in the New Normal of China^s smart cities.