城乡一体化视角下的就业服务体系研究

A Study of the Employment Service System from the Perspective of Urban-Rural Integration

从促进城乡一体化的视角,基于城乡人力资源一体化探讨通过构建完善的就业服务体系提升劳动者的就业技能、提升工作福利以实现体面就业,进而促进农民市民化。重点探讨对城镇化催生的大量待转移劳动力、产业内现存低技能存量劳动力、新增劳动力的就业和创业扶持。该就业服务体系由就业信息服务体系、就业技能培训体系、创业指导体系、劳动与社会保障体系构成。促进该体系的良性运行需要积极和消极的就业保障政策并行,其中积极的政策包括建构完善的劳动力市场、就业奖励金制度、职业准入制度、就业公积金制度;消极的政策指失业保险与救济制度。

From the perspective of promoting urban-rural integration,and on the basis of the establishment of a sound employment service system, especially the integration of urban-rural human resources, this paper discusses how to enhance the employment skills of rural-urban migrant workers and how to make them decently employed,by improving their workfare so as to promote their citizenization eventually. It focuses on the employment and entrepreneurship support of rural labors to be transferred, low-skilled industrial workers, and incoming labors. The employment service system is composed of employment information service system,employment skills training system, entrepreneurial guidance system and the social security system. Both of the positive and negative employment security policies are needed to ensure the proper operation of this system. The positive policies include the construction of a perfect labor market, an employment incentive system, an occupational admittance system and an employment accumulation fund system. The negative policies refer to an unemployment insurance and relief system.