浮式储存再气化装置的LNG冷能利用

LNG Cold Energy Utilization of Floating Storage and Regasification Unit

液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas,LNG)将成为人类在21世纪的主要能源之一。对浮式LNG接收终端从概念、分类、特点、系统组成等方面进行了较系统的介绍,总结了与陆地LNG接收站的不同特点及其不足之处。同时阐述了LNG冷能、LNG冷能的评价因素及利用方式,并将部分LNG冷能的利用方式与常规方式的电力消耗进行对比。在此基础上,从初投资、装置大小、商业化程度、市场潜力、环境保护等角度对低温发电、空气分离、轻烃回收、海水淡化、液态CO_2及干冰制备、低温粉碎、冷冻冷藏、天然气再液化、丁基橡胶的生产、燃气轮机进排气的冷却、海上LNG冷能利用产业园区在FSRU(Floating Storage and Regasification Unit,浮式储存再气化装置)上应用的可行性进行了分析,最终得出适用于FSRU的冷能利用方式有冷能发电、空气分离、天然气再液化、燃气轮机进排气的冷却。

Liquefied Natural Gas（LNG） will become one of the main energy sources for mankind in the 21 st century. This paper systematically introduces the floating LNG receiving terminals in terms of concept, categorization, characteristics and system formation, etc., and summarizes their differences and deficiencies compared with LNG receiving terminals on land. Meanwhile, this paper also elaborates the LNG cold energy as well as its evaluation factors and utilization methods, and compares the utilization method of part of the LNG cold energy with conventional electrical consumption method. On this basis, the feasibilities of low temperature power generation, air separation, light hydrocarbon recovery, sea water desalination, liquefied CO2 and dry ice production, low temperature smashing, frozen and refrigeration, natural gas re-liquefaction, butyl rubber production, gas turbine air inlet and outlet cooling, application of offshore LNG cold energy utilization industrial park on FSRU（Floating Storage and Regasification Unit） are analyzed from aspects of initial investment, equipment size, level of commercialization, market potential, environmental protection, etc. to finally come to the conclusion that proper FSRU cold energy utilization method may include cold energy power generation, air separation, natural gas re-liquefaction, gas turbine air inlet and outlet cooling.