日照市部分蔬菜中铅、镉、铬、汞、砷含量及健康风险评价

Contents of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg,As and health risk assessment in some vegetables in Rizhao

目的对日照市部分蔬菜中Pb、Cd、Cr、Hg、As含量进行检测分析,评价其经蔬菜途径摄入产生的人体健康风险。方法采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光光谱法测定蔬菜样品中5种元素的含量,并与食品中污染物限量标准比较;通过计算单因子污染指数和尼梅罗综合污染指数评价蔬菜污染状况;通过计算目标危害系数(THQ、TTHQ)评价蔬菜中5种元素对人体产生的健康风险。结果所抽检的120份样品中的Pb、Cd、Cr、Hg、As均未超标;单因子污染指数表明检测样品均为优良等级,尼梅罗综合污染指数表明检测样品均安全、清洁;从单一元素风险和多种元素复合风险来看,成人和儿童经膳食途径摄入所调查的蔬菜是安全的;成人和儿童的复合健康风险主要由As引起。结论日照市居民经蔬菜途径摄入Pb、Cd、Cr、Hg、As引起的人体健康风险较低,不会对暴露人群构成明显的危害。

Objective To analyze the contents of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in some vegetables in Rizhao city,and to evaluate the health risk caused by the intake of vegetables. Methods The graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry were adopted to detect contents of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in 5 kinds of vegetable samples,and the data were compared with the food contaminants in standard; the single factor pollution index and the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index were used to evaluate contamination; through the calculation of the target hazard quotient（ THQ,TTHQ） in vegetables,the human health risks were evaluated. Results The contents of 5 samples of the 120 vegetables were not exceeded;the single factor pollution index showed that the samples were all good,Nemerow comprehensive pollution index showed that the samples were safe and clean; from a single factor risk and a variety factors compound risk,vegetables which were investigated in the diet of adult and children were safe; adult and children＇s health risk were mainly caused by As. Conclusion Because of the low health risk,consuming vegetables containing Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As were not significant public health threats in Rizhao.