兴国县农村居民高血压的患病现状及影响因素研究

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Rural Residents in Xingguo County

目的：了解江西省兴国县农村居民高血压的流行现状，分析其可能的影响因素，为更好地开展国家科技惠民项目及在基层有效实施高血压防治一体化，为提高当地居民的健康水平提供数据参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法，抽取兴国县农村居民3163户，对年满18岁（10848人）的居民进行问卷调查及体格检查；高血压患病影响因素的研究采用多因素的 Logistic 回归分析。结果调查人群中高血压患病率为25．19％（年龄标化患病率为19．79％），且年龄越大患病率越高（χ2趋势＝1732．818，P ＜0．001）。男性高血压患病率为24．95％，女性高血压患病率为25．48％，二者比较差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0．400，P ＝0．527）。Losgistic 回归分析显示：增龄、超质量或肥胖、高血压家族史及中心性肥胖为兴国县农村居民高血压患病的独立危险因素；经常食用豆类、豆制品和经常参加体育锻炼为保护因素。结论兴国县农村居民的高血压患病率较高，应针对具有以上危险因素的重点人群采取合理有效的防治措施；提倡体育锻炼，控制体质量，定期监测血压，以减少高血压的危害。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension a-mong rural residents in Xingguo county,and to provide the references for carrying out the Nation-al Science and Technology Project for Public Wellbeing,adopting the whole set of prevention and treatment of hypertension at the grass-roots level and further improving the health level of local residents.Methods A total of 3163 rural families in Xingguo county were sampled by multi-stage stratified random sampling,and 10 848 residents over 18 years old received questionnaire and physical examination.The factors influencing hypertension were identified using multivariate lo-gistic regression analysis.Results The prevalence of hypertension was 25.19% （age-adjusted prevalence 19.79%）,and it increased with age（χ2 =1732.818,P 〈0.001）.The prevalence among＆nbsp;males（24.95%）was lower than that among females（25.48%）,but the difference was not signifi-cant（χ2 =0.400,P =0.527）.Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the old age,over-weight or obesity,family history of hypertension,and central obesity were the risk factors for hy-pertension.The regular consumption of beans/bean products,and physical activity were the pro-tective factors for hypertension.Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension is high among rural residents in Xingguo county.The emphasis should be placed on the effective prevention and con-trol measures for the high-risk population.Physical exercise,weight control and regular monito-ring of blood pressure should be carried out to reduce the harm of hypertension.