高速列车车体传热系数数值计算分析

Analysis of Numerical Calculation for Heat Transfer Coefficient of High-speed Train Carbody

车体隔热性能是高速列车车体重要性能之一。利用CFD(计算流体动力学)数值模拟方法,分别采用二维截面法和三维部件法对某高速列车车体围护结构传热进行模拟,得到二维典型截面和三维典型部件的传热系数,经加权平均获得整车的车体传热系数。两种计算方法得到的车体传热系数相对误差仅为2.5%,在目前无法实现整车车体k值模拟计算的情况下,二维截面法和三维部件法都可以满足工程计算要求。与二维截面法相比,三维部件法建模速度快,更贴近实际车型,能更好地反映车体围护结构的薄弱环节。

The carbody insulation property （K value in computational fluid dynamics） is one of the most important properties of high-speed train. In this paper, 2D section method and 3D component method are used separately to simulate the heat transfer of a high speed train carbody via CFD numerical calculation method, the typical sections and components heat transfer coefficients are obtained and used to calculate the weighted average heat transfer coefficient of the whole train carbody. The relative error of carbody heat transfer coefficients by both methods is only 2.5%, in the condition that the carbody K value of the whole train could not be simulated, both methods can meet the engi- neering calculation requirements. But compared with 2D section method, 3D component method can model faster and closer to the actual train, also reflect better the weak parts in carbody structures.