英国环境决策公民陪审团制度及镜鉴

UK's Jury System for Environmental Decision-making and Its Reference

本文研究了作为域外环境与公共决策领域普适性公众参与制度的公民陪审团制度,在其运行逻辑中,蕴含着抽选公民陪审员和遴选专家证人、专家证人小组接受公民陪审员的询问等基本程序。公民陪审团兴起的制度背景在于社会理性对技术理性的纠偏与协调,以及代议制民主向协商民主的转变趋向。从中可以得出的启示在于,自上而下地推动实现公众与政府的有效协作和互信,以多种形式的公众参与方式相互印证保证决策的科学性,以随机抽选的方式保证参与者的代表性,以交互性的质询和讨论方式保证参与质量,充分的程序和制度保障保证参与的有效性。

This paper studies the jury system that is one of the general public participation practice in environmental decision-making system in abroad. It contains select citizens＇ juror and panel of expert witnesses and other essential processes. Jury system lies in the background of the coordination of social rationality and technological rationality,as well as changes in representative democracy towards deliberative democracy. Inspiration can be drawn from it is that,the promotion of the public trust and effective collaboration with the government promotion,public participation in various forms to ensure scientific decision-making,in a random manner to ensure representativeness of the participants,to ensure participation quality through interactive questions and discussion ways,to ensure the effectiveness of participation through adequate procedures and institutions.