多界面衰波隔振技术研究

Research on vibration isolation technology of multi-interfacial wave attenuation

鉴于传统隔振技术存在的低频隔振效率低下、控制频带窄、需外界供能等问题,深入研究了舰船振动噪声的特点和振动隔离的本质特性,提出了基于混合媒质多界面衰波隔振的舰船隔振技术思想;通过验证性实验,分析了多界面衰波隔振技术的实施效果以及液体层不同质量比例对隔振性能的影响规律。实验结果表明:通过向封闭的隔振装置填充气体、液体、多孔固体颗粒媒质形成的多界面混合媒质体系,在多孔固体颗粒填充量占液体表面积25%的条件下,液体总质量为0.5kg时,最大振级落差达14.08d B,其衰波隔振效果与最大振级落差为8.47d B的纯空气系、最大振级落差为9.61d B的空气-水二相系、最大振级落差为10.23d B的空气-油二相系相比有大幅提升;当水与油质量比为1:4时的隔振效果在整体上优于其他比例。本文的研究结果不仅为隔振的高效实施创造了有利条件,而且为隔振理论的进一步完善以及隔振装置的研制提供了必要的基础和依据。

This paper studies the disadvantages of traditional vibration isolation technology firstly, which includes inefficiency of low-frequency isolation, narrow frequency band of control system, requirement of extra energy offered, etc. And then, by deeply digging the characteristic of warship vibration and analysing the essential characteristics of vibration isolation, a new method based on multi-interfacial wave attenuation of mixed media is put forward to improve warship vibration isolation efficiency. It has been proved that, wave attenuation is the fundamental way to improve the capability of vibration isolation. The experimental equipment is designed to research the implementation effects of vibration isolation technology of multi-interfacial wave attenuation and the effecting law of isolation performance by changing mass proportion of liquid layer. Test results show that the system of multi-interfacial mixed media is formed by filling sealing isolator with different media of gas, liquid and porous particles, which can be definitely seen that the maximum vibration level difference(VLD) of isolator is 14.08 d B in the case of porous particles are 25 percent of liquid surface, and the total mass of liquid is 0.5 kilogram. When comparing with air phases with VLD of 8.47 d B, air-water phases with maximum VLD of 9.61 dB and air-oil phases with um VLD of 10.23 d B, distinct progress of vibration isolation efficiency has been achieved in enhancing the efficiency of wave attenuation. Ample evidence suggests that the isolation effect of new method is superior to that filled with pure gas or gas-liquid two-phase. The 1:4 mass ratio of water and oil shows a better vibration isolation efficiency than other ratios. This study not only creates advantageous conditions for efficient vibration isolation, but also provides the theoretical and experimental basis for improving vibration isolation theory and developing new vibration isolation equipment.