深静脉置管患者感染危险因素分析及护理对策

Risk factors of deep venous catheter-associated infections and the nursing measures

目的探讨深静脉置管患者感染危险因素及护理对策。方法采用回顾性分析法探讨深静脉置管患者感染的危险因素,并制定相应的护理对策,比较实施前后患者深静脉置管感染率的差异。结果患者年龄、留置时间、插管部位、置管次数、换药频率、伴随症和使用激素均是导致深静脉置管患者感染的危险因素;采取相应的干预措施后,深静脉置管患者感染率由对照组的9.7%降低至试验组的4.4%,各项目差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论深静脉置管患者存在诸多感染危险因素,通过对护理人员及患者进行积极的感染预防知识教育和护理技能培训,并对不同层次的患者采取有针对性的护理措施,改善了患者的静脉置管感染率,促进了患者的康复。

Objective To discuss the risk factors of deep venous catheter-associated infections and the nursing measures.Methods Patients with deep venous catheters were retrospectively analyzed in terms of the risk factors of deep venous catheter-associated infections,proper nursing measures were proposed,and the infection rates before and after the implementation of the measures were compared.Results Age,indwelling period,site of catheter insertion,catheter number,frequency of dressing change,accompanying diseases and use of hormones were the risk factors of deep venous catheter-associated infections.After the implementation of intervention measures,the infection rate was decreased from 9.7% to 4.4%.The differences were significant（P〈0.05）.Conclusion There exist many risk factors of deep venous catheter-associated infections.Through education of prevention knowledge and training of nursing skills,and by providing nursing measures for different levels of patients,the infection rate can be reduced.