环秦岭植烟区烟叶主要化学成分特征及其与评吸质量的关系

Characteristics of main chemical components in flue-cured tobacco leaves from areas around Qinling mountains and their relationship with cigarette smoking quality

为明确环秦岭植烟区烟叶主要化学成分特征,采集了环秦岭核心植烟区安康、汉中和商洛C3F烟叶样品共58个,分析了中部烟叶主要化学成分特征,并探讨了主要化学成分与评吸质量的关系。结果表明:1环秦岭植烟区烟叶化学成分整体协调,氯含量偏低,30%的样品钾含量低于1.50%,21%的样品淀粉含量高于6%,32%的样品两糖比低于0.75。淀粉含量较高,钾、氯含量及两糖比偏低是影响环秦岭植烟区中部烟叶化学成分协调性的主要因素。2不同产区间烟叶化学成分的主要差异表现为安康烟叶烟碱含量相对较低而糖碱比和氮碱比较高,汉中烟叶烟碱和淀粉含量显著提高,商洛烟叶钾含量和钾氯比相对较低。3总氮、氯含量和两糖比是影响该植烟区中部烟叶评吸质量的主要化学成分;在试验范围内,随着总氮含量的降低、氯含量和两糖比的提高,烟叶评吸质量逐步得到改善。因此,环秦岭植烟区应从降低总氮含量、适当提高氯含量和两糖比等方面改善烟叶化学成分协调性,提高烟叶品质。

To analyze the characteristics of main chemical components in flue-cured tobacco leaves from the areas around Qinling mountains, 58 samples of flue-cured tobacco leaves（C3F） were collected from Ankang,Hanzhong and Shangluo（the major tobacco planting areas around Qinling mountains）. The main chemical components in middle leaves were determined and their relationship with cigarette smoking quality was studied.The results showed that： 1） The chemical components in the leaf samples were harmonious in general, while the Cl contents in all the samples were low, 30% of the samples were lower than 1.50% in K contents, 21% of the samples with a starch content higher than 6%, the samples with reduced sugar/total sugar ratio less than 0.75 accounted for 32%. Higher starch contents, lower K and Cl contents and reduced sugar/total sugar ratio were the main factors influencing the chemical component consistency of middle leaves from the areas around Qinling mountains. 2） The samples from Ankang possessed relatively lower nicotine contents and higher reduced sugar/nicotine and total nitrogen/nicotine ratios. The nicotine and starch contents in samples from Hanzhong were significantly higher. The samples from Shangluo had relatively lower K contents and K/Cl ratios.3） The contents of total nitrogen and Cl and the reduced sugar/total sugar ratio were the main factors influencing the smoking quality of middle leaves. In this study, sensory quality was improved when the nitrogen contents were decreased, while Cl contents and reduced sugar/total sugar ratios increased. Therefore, to improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves in the areas around Qinling mountains, it is recommended that Cl contents and reduced sugar/total sugar ratios should be appropriately raised and total nitrogen contents should be reduced.