天津市利用全死因监测系统开展吸烟归因死亡的研究

Study on smoking-attributed mortality by using all causes of death surveillance system in Tianjin

目的 将吸烟信息纳入全死因监测系统,开展吸烟归因死亡的研究。方法 将吸烟情况、吸烟年限、每日吸烟量等信息纳入天津市死因监测系统,通过培训、督导、考核、医院内、外抽样调查和电话复核等提高死亡报告率,降低数据缺失率和漏报率,应用多元logistic回归计算吸烟归因死亡风险。结果 2010－2014年天津市的死亡报告率为6.5‰～7.0‰,逝者吸烟信息的填报率为95.53%,其中吸烟年限填报率为98.63%,每日吸烟量填报率为98.58%。与未吸烟者相比,男性吸烟与总死亡的RR=1.38（1.33～1.43）、肺癌死亡的RR=3.07（2.91～3.24）;女性吸烟与总死亡的RR=1.46（1.39～1.54）、肺癌死亡的RR=4.07（3.81～4.35）。结论 天津市利用成熟的全死因监测系统收集逝者吸烟信息,以较少的投入完成吸烟归因死亡研究。

Objective To understand the smoking-attributed mortality by inclusion of smoking information into all causes of death surveillance. Methods Since 2010, the information about smoking status, smoking history and the number of cigarettes smoked daily had been added in death surveillance system. The measures of training, supervision, check, sampling survey and telephone verifying were taken to increase death reporting rate and reduce data missing rate and underreporting rate. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify risk factors for smoking-attributed mortality. Results During the study period （2010-2014）, the annual death reporting rates ranged from 6.5‰ to 7.0‰. The reporting rates of smoking status, smoking history and the number of cigarettes smoked daily were 95.53%, 98.63% and 98.58%, respectively. Compared with the non-smokers, the RR of males was 1.38（1.33-1.43） for all causes of death and 3.07 （2.91-3.24） for lung cancer due to smoking, the RR of females was 1.46 （1.39-1.54） for all causes of death and 4.07（3.81-4.35） for lung cancer due to smoking, respectively. Conclusion The study of smoking attributed mortality can be developed with less investment by using the stable and effective all causes of death surveillance system in Tianjin.