城村古建民居的建筑物理环境测试与分析

Test and analysis on the architectural physical environment of ancient dwellings in Chengcun village

针对福建省武夷山市城村的古建民居,分别在冬季和夏季进行了室内外建筑物理环境测试.测试内容包括村落室外气象参数、室外风环境、室内热环境和室内光环境等.测试结果表明:城村的主街巷道全年风速适宜,热环境良好.冬季民居大厅白天较舒适,在夜晚偏冷,而卧室全天较为舒适.夏季民居大厅和卧室在夜晚较舒适,而在白天偏热.全年的室内空气湿度都比较高,不利于人体的热舒适.室内平均风速很低,基本无风压和热压通风.大厅采光较为充足,而卧室采光严重不足.相比民居,新宅大厅气温在夜晚较高,新宅卧室气温全天明显较高,而空气湿度则相对较低.针对测试结果,提出了城村民居的改造方案.

Aimed at ancient dwellings in Chengcun village in Wuyishan city of Fujian province, the indoor and outdoor building physical environment tests were carried out respectively in winter and summer. The tests included village outdoor meteorological parameters, outdoor wind environment, indoor thermal environment and indoor light environment. The test results are as follows. The wind speed of main streets of Chengcun village was appropriate and the outdoor thermal environment was favorable all year round. In winter, the thermal environment was comfortable in bedroom throughout the day, and was comfortable in hall in daylight, but rather cold at night. In summer, it was comfortable in hall and bedroom at night, but was hot in daylight. The indoor air humidity was high all year round, this was not conducive to the thermal comfort of human body. The indoor average wind speed was very low, there was almost no wind pressure and thermal pressure ventilation. The daylight was relatively abun- dant in hall, but was seriously insufficient in bedroom. Compared with the ancient dwellings, air tem- perature in hall of the new house was higher in the night, while air temperature in bedroom of the new house was significantly higher throughout the day, and the air humidity was relatively low. The devel- opment plans for Chengcun village were also provided based on the test results.