基于地下实验室的暗物质直接探测实验

Dark matter direct detection experiments in underground laboratory

暗物质研究是当前基础物理研究的前沿热点课题之一,对天体物理学、宇宙学和粒子物理学等学科的发展具有十分重要的意义。暗物质的直接探测实验是进行暗物质研究的手段之一,也被认为是最为重要的一种方法。本文介绍:暗物质的不同探测方法、暗物质直接探测实验的原理;国际上主要的地下实验室、针对轻质量和重质量暗物质进行直接探测的典型实验及目前取得的进展;下一代实验将面临的挑战和机遇。

The research of dark matter is one of the most fundamental and challenging topics in the frontier of modern physics, which is significant to the development of cosmology and particle physics. The direct detection experiment of dark matter is one of methods to the research of dark matter, which is thought to be the most compromising. This paper represents： the dark matter detection methods, especially emphasizing on the principle of the direct detection; the main underground laboratories in the world; the typical direct detection experiments aiming at light and heavy dark matter respectively; the prospects of the next generation of dark matter direct detection experiments.