玉溪市2004—2014年突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析

Analysis on the Characteristic of Public Health Emergencies in Yuxi during 2004—2014

目的分析网络直报2004—2014年以来玉溪市突发公共卫生事件流行特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法利用网络直报系统中突发公共卫生事件报告数据,采用描述性流行病学方法,分析玉溪市突发公共卫生事件特征。结果 2004—2014年玉溪市共报告突发公共卫生事件186起,无重大和特别重大事件报告。未分级事件34起（18.28%）,一般事件129起（69.35%）,较大事件23起（12.37%）;突发中毒事件占较大事件的86.96%;事件类别以传染病事件为主,共131起（70.43%）,其余依次为突发中毒类事件51起（27.42%）,其他公共卫生事件2起（2.15%）,突发中毒事件病死率高于传染病事件;3-7月份和9-12月份是突发事件的高发期,学校是突发公共卫生事件的高发场所,共发生114起（61.29%）;各县、区突发公共卫生事件地区分布平衡。结论加强学校各类传染病疫情的预防与控制是减少玉溪市突发公共卫生事件的关键;加强健康教育是减少中毒类事件危害的有效措施。

OBJECTIVETo analyze of epidemiological of characteristics public health events in Yuxi during 2004-2014,and providea reference basis for the prevention and control strategies. METHODS Using descriptive epidemiology method to analyze the charac-teristic of public health events that come from the straight network report system. RESULTS There were 186 cases reported,no sig-nificant and special events were reported in public health emergencies from 2004 to 2014. Unrated event was 34 cases（18.28%）,general event was 129 cases（69.35%）, large events were 23 cases（12.37%）. Emergent poisoning events accounted for 86.96% inlarge events. Event categories was given priority to infectious disease events which was 131 cases（70.43%）, emergent poisoningevents were 51 cases（27.42%）,other public health events were two cases（2.15%）,and the case fatality rate of public health eventwas higher than infectious diseases. The emergency period was March to July and Septembe to December,the school was the highoc-curency place, the total of 114 cases were reported（61.29%）. The public health emergencies was not balance of regional distribu-tion. CONCLUSION The key of reducing public health emergencies was strengthen the kinds of infectious disease prevention and con-trol in school. The effective measure of reducing poisoning incidents harm was strengthening health education.