甘蔗与斑茅割手密复合体(GXAS07-6-1)杂交后代的染色体遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Chromosomes for the Progeny Between Sugarcane(Saccharum spp.)and Intergeneric Hybrid Complex(Erianthus arundinaceus×Saccharum spontaneum)

本研究的目的是明确甘蔗与斑割（斑茅割手密）复合体杂交后代F_1材料的染色体核型构成和遗传行为,为有效利用甘蔗野生种质提供细胞遗传学的理论依据。采用甘蔗根尖细胞酶解去壁低渗法分别对3个不同甘蔗品种（系）与斑割复合体GXAS07-6-1的杂交后代进行染色体数目鉴定和核型分析。结果表明：各亲本和后代材料染色体数目在不同细胞中不恒定,染色体变幅为6~11条。粤糖93-159与GXAS07-6-1的F1材料GXASF108-1-1染色体核型公式为2n=94=91 m＋3 sm;桂糖01-53与GXAS07-6-1的F_1材料GXASF108-2-28染色体核型公式为2n=98=88 m＋10 sm（1SAT）;桂糖02-761与GXAS07-6-1的F_1材料GXASF108-3-7染色体核型公式为2n=92=87m＋5 sm;3个F1材料的核型均为2B型。推断甘蔗与斑割复合体杂交亲子间的染色体基本按＂n＋n＂方式传递,同时可能存在部分染色体加倍现象,它们的杂种F_1核型均为较原始的染色体2B类型。

To incorporat e genes from wild germplasm for laying a good cytogenetical foundation of sugarcane,karyotype composition and genetic behavior of chromosome were explored for the F_1 progeny between sugarcane（ Saccharum spp.）and intergeneric hybrid（Erianthus arundinaceus ×Saccharum spontaneum）. Chromosome number calculation and karyotype analysis were carried out for the progeny between 3 clones（Saccharum spp.）and GXAS07-6-1（Erianthus arundinaceus ×Saccharum spontaneum）by the means of cell wall degradation hypotonic smear method. The somatic chromosome numbers of all accessions were non-constant and the amplitude was 6-11.The somatic chromosome karyotypic types of F_1 progeny for 3 crosses were 2n=94=91 m＋3 sm, 2n=98=88 m＋10 sm（1SAT）, and 2n=92=87 m＋5 sm, respectively. The ＂n＋n＂ transmission and 2B karyotype of F_1 progeny from sugarcane and intergeneric hybrid were indicated. The chromosomes of sugarcane and intergeneric hybrid complex（Erianthus arundinaceus ×Saccharum spontaneum）were transmitted in the mode ＂ n ＋n＂ but doubling possibly existed. The karyotypes of these three F_1 progenies belong to the primitive 2B type.