新型不对称Gemini烷基糖苷的制备及性能

Preparation and properties of novel asymmetric Gemini alkyl polyglucosides

以十二烷基葡萄糖苷(APG)、十六烷基二甲基叔胺及环氧氯丙烷为主要反应物,通过氯代、取代及季铵化法,制备环境相容性优良且表面活性高的新型不对称Gemini烷基糖苷(AGAPG),优化了反应条件。采用FT-IR对产物结构进行分析,并对产物相关应用性能进行测试。结果表明,合成产物为具有双离子头基不对称结构的糖苷类季铵盐,易分离提纯。20℃时,所得新型AGAPG的临界胶束浓度(CMC)为0.025 g/m L,表面张力低至23.1 m N/m,具有优良的泡沫性能、乳化性能及润湿性能。

A novel asymmetric gemini alkyl polygiucosides （AGAPG） with good environmental compatibili- ty and surface activity is prepared using dodecyl polyglucoside （APG）, hexadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and epoxy chloropropane as main reactants by chlorination, substitution and quaternization reactions. The reaction condition is optimized. The product structure is analyzed by infrared Fourier transform spectrometry. The relevant application property of the product is determined by corresponding meth- ods respectively.the results show that the synthetic product is asymmetric polyglucoside quaternary ammonium salt with double-ion head group, and it is easy to separate and purify. The CMC of AGAPG is 0.025 g/mL at 20 ℃, and its corresponding surface tension decreases to 23.1 mN/m. AGAPG has good foam property, emulsibility and wettability.