“FDI降低东道国能源强度”假说在中国成立吗?——基于省区工业面板数据的经验分析

Is the Hypothesis "FDI Decreasing Energy Intensity of the Host Country" Valid in China?: Based on empirical analysis of Chinese provincial industrial panel data

文章针对能源经济学的假说之一“FDI降低东道国能源强度”进行经验检验，以中国省区工业面板数据为研究样本，通过建立理论模型和计量模型，在引入技术效应函数的基础上，厘清FDI结构效应、FDI技术效应与FDI收入引致的技术效应之间的关系，将FDI技术效应从FDI对中国工业能源强度的总效应中剥离出来。构建了FDI影响中国工业能源强度总效应的联立方程组模型，分别采用单方程估计方法（2SLS、GMM）和系统估计方法（3SLS）对联立方程组模型进行实证估计，并用弹性分析法计算FDI路径下不同影响效应的弹性大小和方向。研究结果表明：FDI对中国工业能源强度产生的总效应是积极的，即外资进入度每提高1％，总效应是使中国工业能源强度减少0．193％～0．243％，正面的FDI技术效应（0．185％～0．308％）和FDI收入引致的技术效应（0．077％～0．122％）超过了负面的FDI结构效应（0．064％～0．192％），实证结果支持该假说。

Using Chinese provincial industrial panel data,through the establishment of theoretical and econometric models,the paper clarifies the relationship between FDI composition effect,FDI technique effect and FDI income-induced technique effect on the basis of the technique effect function. The results show that: the total effect of FDI influencing China's industrial energy intensity is positive. If the degree of foreign capital entering increases by 1%,the total effect is to decrease China's industrial energy intensity by 0. 193% ~ 0. 243%. The positive FDI technique effect( 0. 185% ~ 0. 308%) and FDI income-induced technique effect( 0. 077% ~ 0. 122%) overwhelm the negative FDI composition effect( 0. 064% ~ 0. 192%),so these results support the hypothesis.