C/SiC复合材料超声扭转振动铣削抑制损伤产生的机理

Mechanism of reduction of damage during ultrasonic torsional vibration milling of C/SiC composites

传统铣削加工碳纤维增强碳化硅(C/Si C)复合材料极易产生加工损伤,而超声振动加工技术是切削难加工材料的理想方法之一。为了分析超声扭转振动铣削C/Si C复合材料抑制损伤产生的机理,以传统铣削加工为参照,在分析超声扭转振动铣削刀具运动轨迹的基础上,利用两种刀具在超声扭转振动铣削与传统铣削状态下对C/Si C复合材料进行铣槽加工,并对试验中切削力、刀具磨损情况和铣槽质量进行检测与分析。结果表明,切削力是影响加工损伤产生的重要因素,而施加超声扭转振动后两种刀具的切削力均低于传统铣削切削力,两种刀具的切削状态也得到了改善,其中硬质合金铣刀底刃磨损面积降低了23.7%,有效避免了槽壁加工表面崩边及毛刺现象。

Machining damages are easily to be generated during traditional milling of carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide （ C/ SiC） composites. Ultrasonic vibration processing techniques is one of the ideal methods for machining difficult materials. In order to investigate of mechanism of reduction of damage during ultrasonic torsional vibration processing techniques, using two tools in ultrasonic torsional vibration milling and conventional milling （as a comparison） on the C/SiC composites slot milling, and the motion track of cutting tool of ultrasonic torsional vibration milling is studied. The cutting forces, tools wear, slot processing quali- ty, during the experiment are detected and analyzed. The results show cutting force has a great influence on machining damages a- rising. And the cutting force during ultrasonic torsional vibration milling is much lower than that during conventional milling, com- paring with traditional milling the cutting conditions of the two kinds of tools have been improved by ultrasonic torsional vibration milling, and the bottom edge wear area of carbide cutter decreased by 23.7%. Therefore, chipping and burr are effectively avoided at exit.