少数民族大学生就业现状及对策研究——以吉首大学为例

Research Report on Minority College Students Employment Situation and Countermeasures——Taking Jishou University as an Example

2008-2012年间吉首大学少数民族大学生就业呈现出以下特点:总就业率的增长幅度高于吉首大学整体水平;传统就业方式所占比例呈逐年下降趋势,升学、自主创业所占比例呈逐年上升趋势;女生以传统方式就业和出国、出境的比例高于男生;本科生就业比例普遍高于专科生;教育学、文学、管理学、理学等学科毕业生就业所占比例较高,变化最大的学科是工学和文学;就业区域主要集中在湘西自治州;就业单位主要集中在企业单位、事业单位、项目类单位,就业比例变化较大的也是这三类单位。这些特点的形成是国家教育政策、民族政策、社会发展现状、大学与少数民族大学生的发展特点等多种因素叠加的结果。提高认识、健全机制、加强研究、推进改革,是实现少数民族大学生人才培养与就业可持续发展的重要保证。

From 2008 to 2012 Jishou University employment of minority students showed the following characteristics. The total employment growth rate is higher than the overall employment rate of Jishou university; the propotion of traditional forms of employment is declining year by year. The proportion of entrance and independent business is rising year by year; girls traditional employment and visa, exit proportion is higher than that of male students; undergraduate employment proportion is higher than that of junior college students. The employment proportion of Education, literature, management, science and other disciplines students is much higher, the greatest change is in engineer- ing and literature; Employment areas are mainly in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, Employment u- nits are mainly concentrated in enterprises, institutions, project units, The employment ratio changed greatly in the three units. The formation of these characteristics is due to the national policy, society, University and minority , Improve the understanding, perfect mechanism, strengthen research, pro-mote the reform is to achieve an important guarantee for the sustainable development of training and employment of minority college students.