基于随车声强法的公路隧道水泥混凝土路面噪声特性

Noise characteristics of cement concrete pavement in tunnel based on on-board sound intensity method

应用随车声强法测试了高速公路混凝土路面与沥青路面的噪声,采用统计产品与服务解决方案软件（SPSS）分析了噪声样本数据,研究了横向刻槽、纵向刻槽、纵横组合式刻槽及露石混凝土等具有不同抗滑纹理的隧道混凝土路面的A计权声压级和1/3倍频谱噪声特性,并与普通沥青混凝土路面（AC）、沥青玛蹄脂碎石混凝土路面（SMA）和超薄磨耗层的噪声特性进行了对比。研究结果表明：横向刻槽与横向组合式刻槽混凝土路面的噪声范围集中在100~104dB（A）,纵向刻槽混凝土路面的噪声范围集中在99~102dB（A）,露石混凝土路面、普通沥青路面、SMA路面、超薄磨耗层的噪声范围集中在97~100dB（A）;各种路面的1/3倍频程峰值频率均出现在1 000Hz附近,但是露石混凝土路面、普通AC路面、SMA路面、超薄磨耗层峰值频率对应的噪声水平比横向刻槽混凝土路面高出3~5dB（A）。可见,路表纹理形式是影响隧道混凝土路面噪声的重要因素,合理地选择路面纹理有助于降低隧道混凝土路面的噪声。

The noises of expressway concrete pavements and asphalt pavements were tested by the on-board sound intensity（OBSI）method.The test samples were conducted by using statistics products and service solution software（SPSS）.In tunnel,A-weighted sound levels and 1/3octave bands of noise characteristics were studied for concrete pavements with different skidding resistance textures i.e.transverse grooves,longitudinal grooves,combined transverse-longitudinal grooves,and exposed aggregate cement concrete pavement（EACCP）.The noise characteristics of asphaltconcrete（AC）pavement,stone matrix asphalt（SMA）pavement and ultra-thin friction course（Novachip）were estimated and compared with the noise characteristics of anti-slide pavements.Analysis result shows that A-weighted sound levels of concrete pavements with transverse grooves and combined grooves are 100-104 dB（A）,the level of concrete pavement with longitudinal grooves is 99-102 dB（A）,and the levels are 97-100 dB（A）for EACCP,AC pavement,SMA pavement and Novachip.The peak frequencies in 1/3octave bands for all types of pavements are nearly 1 000 Hz.A-weighted sound level of the pavement with transverse grooves is larger 3-5dB（A）than the levels of others pavements at the peak frequency.The result indicates that noise characteristics of concrete pavements in tunnel are induced by the pavement textures and can be improved by selecting reasonable pavement textures.2tabs,14 figs,23refs.