济宁市雾和霾时空分布对比分析

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Fog and Haze Days in Jining City

利用济宁地区11个气象观测站点30年(1985—2014年)的雾和霾的地面观测资料,运用统计分析的方法对济宁地区雾和霾的时空分布特征进行研究。结果表明:济宁市近30年和10年雾日数的季节分布基本一致;秋冬季节多,占全年的70%左右,春夏季节少;近10年雾日数呈减少的趋势;济宁市近10年霾日数呈显著增多的趋势,近10年夏季霾相对近30年比重增加;济宁地势东高西低,东南的丘陵地带雾日一直较少(比如邹城);西北地区的梁山、汶上处于洼地,地势较低,雾日较多;济宁市近10年和近30年霾日数的空间分布基本一致;近10年各县市霾日数显著增多;微山站近10年霾日数明显减少。

Using the data of fog and haze in Jining City from 1985 to 2014, the temporal and spatial climatic characteristics and impact factor of fog and haze days in recent 30 years were analyzed. The results indicated that the seasonal distribution of fog days in Jining City during the last 30 years and 10 years was basically the same. In autumn and winter,fog days were accounting for about 70% of the year,and that in spring and summer were less. In the last 10 years ,the fog days showed a decreasing trend. Nearly 10 years of haze days in Jining City was a significant increasing trend. The proportion of summer haze in recent 10 years, nearly 30 years relatively increased. The fog days in Jining City increased from southeast to northwest.The more showed depression （for example Liangshan, Wenshang）, the least in hilly （for example, Zoucheng）, and plain between Liangshan and Wenshang. A similar distribution appeared in Jining City in recent 10 years and 30 years of haze days in space. Nearly 10 years of counties and cities in haze days increased significantly. Weishan Station for nearly 10 years significantly reduced the number of haze days.