DNA鉴定意见的证明分析与规则创设

Proof Analysis on the DNA Appraisement Opinions and Rules Creation

从逻辑、经验与科学的视角构建证明分析理论是当前证据法学研究的一个新视角。对DNA鉴定意见进行全景透析式的证明分析需要从证明对象、逻辑推导关系、关联关系、关联强度和可信性等五个方面展开。证明对象分析可明晰DNA鉴定意见司法证明的效力范围;逻辑推导关系分析可明晰DNA鉴定意见的证明机理;关联关系分析可明晰DNA鉴定意见的证明属性;关联强度分析可明晰DNA鉴定意见的证明功效;可信性分析可在真实性、准确性和可靠性三个方面发现影响DNA鉴定意见司法适用的各种因素。从证明角度规范DNA鉴定意见的司法应用,有必要确立DNA鉴定意见双盲鉴定规则、同步双重鉴定规则和绝对排除规则等新规则。

It is a new angle of view from that of logic,experience and science to construct the proof analysis theory and the research method in the present evidence law research,which helps to broaden the research visual field of evidence law.It needs to conduct thorough proof analysis of DNA appraisement opinions from the five aspects of the proof object,the logic derivation relation,the incidence relation,the incidence strength and the creditability.Analysis of the proof object can make the domain of judicial proof of DNA appraisement opinions clear;Analysis of the logic derivation relation can make the proof principles of DNA appraisement opinions clear;Analysis of the incidence relation can make the proof nature of DNA appraisement opinions clear;Analysis of the incidence strength can make the proof function of DNA appraisement opinions clear;Analysis of the creditability can find all kinds of factors which influence judicial application from the authenticity,accuracy and reliability.In order to control the judicial application of DNA appraisement opinions from the angle of proof,it is necessary to establish the notion of optimization on proof and the notion of systematic incidence,and create the new rules of the double blind appraisement rule,the synchronous dual appraisement rule and the absolute exclusionary rule.