中国与欧美双孢蘑菇主栽品种的农艺性状比较

Comparative Study on the Agronomic Characters of Chinese Main Strain(Agaricus bisporus) and Euro-American Strains

对中国主栽的双孢蘑菇(Agaricus bisporus)品种2796与欧美国家主栽的双孢蘑菇品种2100、A12、A15的菌丝生长速度、子实体原基发生动态和生产栽培的产量等农艺性状进行了比较研究。试验表明,国内主栽品种2796的菌丝在琼脂培养基上的生长速度比欧美主栽品种A12、A15、2100的速度快,而在栽培料上的生长速度基本一致;但是,2796的原基发生时间晚于A12、A15和2100,原基的发生量也少于A12、A15和2100,单位面积产量也低于A12、A15和2100。尽管如此,2796品种仍然获得了29.74 kg·m-2的单位面积产量,这个产量是国内现在实际平均产量的2倍多。因此,提高生产技术,改善栽培条件,双孢蘑菇的产量有望获得增产。

The agronomic characters, such as the mycelia growing rate, the initials occurring and the yields, of Chinese strain 2796 （Agaricus bisporus） and Euro-American strains 2100, A12 and A15 had been comparatively studied in this paper. The results have demonstrated that the mycelia growing rate of the domestic main strain 2796 is quicker than the Euro-American main strains 2100, A12 and A15 on agar media, while the mycelia growing rate on cultivating material is basically in line. The initials occurring time of strain 2796 is later, and the number of the initials of strain 2796 is less and the yield per square meter of strain 2796 is lower than the Euro-American main strains 2100, A12 and A15. However, in the experiment, the yield per square meter of domestic main strain 2796 reached 29.74 kg ·m^-2 which was more than twice as much as the current yield in China. Therefore, the yield of A. bisporus is expected to get production by improving cultivation technology and conditions.