奥巴马政府推动美古关系正常化的动因、政策及前景

Obama's Promotion of Normalizing U.S.-Cuba Relations:Its Motivation,Policy and Prospect

奥巴马政府积极推动美古关系正常化的主要动因是,通过改善美古关系恢复美国在西半球的领导地位,进而推进"维持美国在全球的领导地位"这一战略目标。奥巴马政府的对古政策得益于古巴裔美国人在美古关系问题上的立场分化,顺应了美国国内的主流民意。为启动美古关系正常化进程,奥巴马政府采取了一系列新的对古政策和外交举措,直至美国与古巴正式恢复外交关系。然而,美古关系要实现全面正常化,还面临诸多障碍:美国尚未解除对古巴的经济制裁;美古两国相互没收的资产尚未归还对方;美国仍然占据古巴的关塔那摩湾;古巴移民问题和美国关注的古巴民主与人权问题依然存在。短时期内,克服这些障碍的前景不容乐观。

The Obama administration's Cuba policy has benefited from the polarization of positions that Cuban American take on the U.S.-Cuba relations.The policy is also a response to the mainstream public opinion in the United States. From initiating the process of normalizing U.S.-Cuba relations,the Obama administration has adopted a series of new policies and actions toward Cuba. However,the Obama administration still faces many obstacles in fully normalizing U.S.-Cuba relations,including the lifting of economic sanctions against Cuba,the return of the assets of mutual confiscation by the two countries and Cuban immigration issue.