汽车漆挥发物对小鼠学习记忆能力及脑组织中氨基酸类神经递质影响研究

Effect of automotive paint volatile on learning and memory ability and amino acid neurotransmitters in brain tissue of mice

目的探讨汽车漆挥发物对小鼠学习记忆能力的影响,及其相关氨基酸类神经递质的影响机制。方法无特定病原体级健康雄性昆明种小鼠30只随机分为对照组、底漆组和面漆组,每组10只。采用静式吸入染毒方法,底漆组和面漆组小鼠分别予汽车底漆、面漆吸入染毒,日平均染毒剂量分别为600和580 mg/m3,每日1次,2 h/次,每周6 d,持续4周;对照组小鼠同时置于染毒柜内,但不予染毒处理。染毒结束后,采用Morris水迷宫实验对小鼠进行神经行为学测试,以高效液相色谱法检测小鼠脑组织中谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和甘氨酸水平。结果与对照组比较,底漆组和面漆组小鼠逃避潜伏期和第1次穿越平台时间均延长(P<0.05),目标象限停留时间和穿越平台次数均下降(P<0.05),脑组织中谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和甘氨酸水平均下降(P<0.05);但底漆组和面漆组小鼠上述指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论汽车漆挥发物暴露可导致小鼠学习记忆能力下降,并可致其脑组织氨基酸类神经递质分泌减少。

Objective To explore the effect of automotive paint volatile on the learning and memory ability and its influence mechanism of the amino acid neurotransmitters in the brain tissue of mice. Methods Thirty specific pathogen free healthy male Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group,primer group and topcoat group,10 mice in each group. By static inhalation intoxication method,the primer group and topcoat group were exposed to corresponding paint volatile 600 and 580 mg / m3 respectively every day for 4 weeks,6 days per week,one time a day,2 hours each time.The mice of the control group were kept in the exposure cabinet without any paint volatile. After the exposure,the neuroethology examination was carried out by Morris water maze test. The amino acid levels of glutamic acid（ GLU）,aspartic acid（ ASP）,γ-aminobutyric acid（ GABA） and glycine（ GLY） in brain tissue of mice were detected by high performance liquid chromatography. Results Compared with the control group,the escape latency and the first crossing platform time were longer（ P〈0. 05）,target quadrant staying time and platform crossing times were decreased（ P〈0. 05）,and the levels of GLU,ASP,GABA and GLY in brain tissues were decreased in the primer group and the topcoat group（ P〈0. 05）. There was no significant difference between the primer group and the topcoat group in the above indexes（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Automotive paint volatiles exposure may lower the learning and memory abilities of mice,and could reduce the secretion of amino acid neurotransmitters in the brain tissue of mice.