基于结构方程模型的中医药院校医学生心理健康研究

A Research on Medical Students' Mental Health of College of TCM Based on Structural Equation Model

目的:应用结构方程模型探讨影响高等中医药院校医学生心理健康的因素,旨在对其医学生心理健康教育提供一定的指导作用。方法:采用分阶段分层、整群抽样的方法抽取某高等中医药院校大一到大四年级403名医学生进行症状自评量表(SCL-90)及一般情况的问卷调查,对调查数据进行结构方程模型拟合。结果:在反映心理状况的9个因子中,焦虑、抑郁、精神病性、人际关系敏感、强迫5个因子的标准化路径系数较大。该校医学生的家庭状况、感知压力、个体因素以及校园文化环境对对心理状况的标准化路径系数分别为-0.24、-0.30、-0.86、0.73,均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:反映该校医学生心理健康的结构方程模型拟合效果较好,影响医学生心理健康度主要影响因素为家庭状况、压力感知、个体因素及校园文化环境。

Objective:To apply astructural equation model to explore factors that influence medical students'mental health and provide some guidance on medical students'mental health education.Methods:403 college students ranging from freshmen to seniors of a college of TCM were recruited by stratified and cluster sampling and tested in terms of the Symptom Check List(SCL-90)and self-designed questionnaire a-bout general status of participators.The investigation data were fitted by structural equation model (SEM). Results:The analysis of SEM shows that in nine psychological factors,the standardized path coefficients of anxiety,depression,psychosis,sensitiveness to interpersonal relationship and forcing are larger,and the standardized path coefficient of students'family situation,stress perception,individual factors and campus cultural environment is respectively -0.24,-0.30,-0.86,0.73,all of which are statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion:The SEM fitting effect of medical students'mental health of a college of TCM is better, and the main effect factors of medical students'mental health are family situation,perceived stress,individu-al factors and campus cultural environment.