小学语文教材选文标准的坚守与嬗变——基于百年语文课程文件的分析

The Persistence and Changing of the Text- Selection Standards of Primary School Chinese Textbooks——Based on the Analysis of Chinese Curriculum Documents(1904—2011)

选文标准历来都是语文教材研究的焦点和热点,其变化不仅直接关乎教学材料的选择,也涉及语文学科自身的定位。课程文件作为课程实施和教材编制的纲领性文件,集中体现了选文标准的变化和发展。基于此,文章以课程文件为切入点,对语文独立设科以来小学语文教材的选文标准进行历史考察,揭示其对选文典范性和教学性的坚守以及钟摆式的嬗变轨迹,并进一步从内外因的角度探析其变化的原因。进而立足现实进行反思,认为选文标准的研制应该更多考虑语文学科自身的属性和逻辑。

Standards of text-selection has always been the focus and hot spot in the research of Chinese textbook. The change of standards not only directly related to the choice of teaching materials,but also relates to Chinese discipline orientation. Curriculum documents as a programmatic document of curriculum implementation and textbook compiling,embodies the change and development of the selection standard. Based on this,the article analyzes the text-selection standards of primary Chinese curriculum document from 1904 to 2011.The results show that classic properties and teaching properties are consistent standards. In contrast,contemporaneity,scientificity,practicability and some other standards are always changing. Further research should pay more attention to the selection standard of Chinese subject attributes and logic.