活植物沙障树种选择与应用效果分析

Analysis on the Selection and Application Effect of Living Sand-protecting Barrier Tree Species

利用植物体组建沙障，是兼顾生物造林与机械高立沙障综合防治流沙侵害的一项实用技术。立足甘肃河西地区风沙危害治理与实践应用，选择当地梭梭、沙拐枣、花棒等8种优良沙旱生植物进行建植试验，以保存率、冠幅、抗病虫害、株高、分枝数、根系扩展、抗逆性7个指标的基础调查，依据促成活沙障有效障体各指标的关联程度，赋予权重参与分析。结果表明，所选参试灌木种当年旱作成活率均达到50％以上，其中沙拐枣、梭梭两树种当年成活率可达79．5％以上，3年期保存率维持在33．5％-42．5％较高水平；借助保育技术措施。两树种组建的活沙障，成型期春季平均疏透度均可达到33％～45％理想防护水平，是甘肃河西沙化区活沙障建植首选灌木种和建植有效防护障体的植物树种。

Using plants to form a sand- protecting barrier, is a practical method for preventing aand by giving consideration to biological afforestation and mechanical high-standing barrier. Based on governance and application practice of sand dunes hazard at Hexi area in Gansu, choosen 8 kinds of local plants which are psammophytes and xerophyte devel- oped experiment, such as Haloxylon ammodendron, Calligonum mongolicum and Hedysarum scoparium. According to survival rate, with basic investigation of 6 indexes about the survival rate, canopy, resistance to pests, plant height, branch number, root extension and stress tolerance, on the basis of effective barrier to live barrier body （density） the connection degree of each index, gave weight to par- ticipate in the analysis, the results showed that the survival rate of tested shrubs species was more than 50%, H. ammodendron and C. mongolicum the two species of tree that very year survival rate reached more than 79o5%, threeyear survival rate maintained at 33.5%- 42.5% higher level. The transparence degree of the two treespecies forming living sandy barrier in spring was 33% to 45%. H. ammodendron and C. mongolicum was the preferred shrub for planting living sand-protecting barrier in Hexi Corridor of Gansu Province and was the excellent trees planting effective barrier.